Wrench.



W. C. WILLER.

WRENCH. APPLICATION FLED JULY 20| H316.

Pamed Ang. 14, 1917,

| ilJrllI.

www BY WIT'NESSES ATTORNEY UNITED STATES'v PATENT OFFIC- WILLIAMC.WILLER, OF SWIFT CURRENT, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA.

WRENCH.

Application filed July 20, 1916.

To all whom t maj] concern.'

Be it known that I, W'ILLIAMC. ViLLnR, citizen of the United States,residing at Swift Current, in the Province of Saskatchewan and Dominionof Canada, have invented certain new and useful improvements inlVrenches, of which the following is a specitication.

This invention has relation to ratchet wrenches, and the nature andobjects thereof will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art t-owhich it appertains, in the light of the following explanationof `theaccompanying drawings, illustrating what I now believe to be thepreferred embodiment, or mechanical expression of my invention, fromamong other forms and arrangements within the spirit thereof and thescope of the appended claims.

However, an object of the invention is to provide a ratchet wrenchembodying a wrench head for engaging a nut and a handle movablerelatively to the head and having means whereby the handle may beoscillated to rotate the head in either direction.

Another kobject of the invention is to provide a. wrench having t-heabove named characteristics and in addition thereto relatively movablejaws adapted to engage nuts and burs of various sizes and shapes.

ln addition to the foregoing, tion comprehends improvements in thedetails of construction and arrangement of parts to be hereinafterdescribed and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar and corresponding` parts`are designated by the same characters of references throughout theseveral views in which rthey appear:

Figure 1,.is a view in side elevation of a wrench constructed after themanner ofmy invention.

Fig. 2, is an end view.

Fig. 3, is a. vertical section taken. on the line of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, is a face viewof the wrench head illustrating the relativelymovable jaws, and

Fig. 5, is a horizontal section on theline 5 5 of Fig. 1.

Tith reference to the drawings, 1 indicates generally the head of myimproved wrench, which comprises a tubular body portion 2 having itsintermediate exterior Speccationof Letters Patent.

my inven- Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

Serial No. 110,418.V

threaded as at 3, and oppositely disposed4 slots extending from thelower portion thereof to a point intermediate the length `of the portionis formed at its .lower .end with op-V positely extending lugs 5 whichare also slotted, said slots being the continuation of the slots Ll.

The upper portion of thebody portion is reduced as at 6, and threaded asat 7 to receive a knurled cap 8, interiorly vthreaded to engage thethreads 7. The reduced portion is provided. on. its yexterior withoppositely disposed longitudinal grooves 9, for the reception of lugs 10formed radially and interiorly of an annular ratchet member 11 whichencompasses the reduced portion. The annular member is obviouslycapa-ble of longitudinal movementrelative to the body portion whilelocked thereto against relative rota-ry motion.

The handle of my wrench indicated at 12 is provided at one end withspaced ,annular members 13 which encircle the body portion and receivetherebetween the annular member 11. A stud or the like, 14 is providedbetween the annular members at a point diametrically opposite the pointof connection of the handle to assist in retaining the annular membersin proper spaced relation. The handle at the point yof connection withthe annular members 13 is formed with adjacent longitudinal openings 15for the receptionv of sliding p awls 16 having their outer terminalsadapted for engagement with the teeth of the annular member 11 andformed with beveled faces 17. The beveled faces of each pawl areinclined in opposite directions relative to each other for a purposewhich will presently appear. The lateral faces of the handle 12 areformed with longitudinal openings 18 which intersect the openings. 15,and pins 19-are passed through said openings and engage in the slidingpawls 16. Coil springs 20 are interposed vbetween the.` inner ends ofthe pawls and the ends of their recesses. It will be obvious that eitherpawl maybe retracted from engagement with the annular member 11 bymoving its correspondingl pin V19 against the tension of the spring, the

pressed as at 22 to receive the pin whereby the hook member 2l. isassisted in retaining the pawl in retracted position.

Relatively movable coacting jaws 23 are provided at the lower portion ofthe head and are formed with shanks 24: which eX- tend through theopenings in the lugs 5 and are formed with upwardly converging portions25, terminating in parallel upper ter minals 26, disposed centrallywithin the tubular member 2 and pivoted at said terminals upon -atransverse pin 2T supported at its ends in the upper portion of themember 2. It will be noted that the inclined or diverging portions 25are disposed within the slotted portions i and extend beyond thecircumference of the tubular member. For providing relative movement ofthe jaws, an annular internally threaded band 2S is adapted to engagethe threaded portion 3 of the tubular member and is further providedwith a lower outwardly flaring or conical iiange Q9. rIhe said flange isadapted to engage the inclined portions 25 of the jaw Shanks, and itwill be obvious that owing to the longitudinal movement of the band 28relative to the tubular member produced by rotating said band, the jawsmay be moved toward each other when the band is moved downward, a springBO interposed between the Shanks of the jaws acting to separate themwhen permitted by a reverse rotation of said band 28. The jaws 23 may beformed as in the present instance with semicircular serrated faces 3lwhereby nuts and burs of various forms may be engaged therebetween andsecurely held during rotation of the wrench head. rIhe lower portion ofthe head may be formed with lugs 32 extended in opposition and betweenthe lugs 5. Vhen the jaws are applied to a nut, the lugs 32 may act as astop to limit further movement of the head. j

'Io rotate the wrench head by means of the handle, one of the pawls 16is permitted to engage the toothed periphery of the annular member 1Iwhile the other pawl is disengaged therefrom and held in such disengagedposition by its correlated mechanism described above. By oscillating thehandle, it will be apparent that during its movement in one directionthe extended pawl will engage the aforesaid teeth and upon a reversemovement the pawl will be automatically disengaged owing to theprovision of the beveled end 17 whereby the pawl is moved into itsrecess against the tension of the spring. Obviously, if the pawl inquestion is retracted and the other pawl disengaged from its retainingmeans and permitted toengage the teeth of the annular member, anoscillation of the handle will rotate the head in a counter-direction.

Vhile I have illustrated and described my invention with some degree ofparticularity, I realize that in practice various alterations thereovermay be made, and I therefore reserve the right and privilege of changingthe form of the details of construction or otherwise altering thearrangement of the correlated parts, without departing from the spiritof the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

l. A ratchet wrench including tubular eXteriorly threaded head,longitudinal oppositely located grooves formed upon the exterior of thehead adjacent one end thereof, a toothed annular member engaging saidend and having radial lugs seated in the grooves, a cap engaged uponsaid end to prevent displacement of the annular member, a handle havingannular members encircling the head and adapted to receive the annularmember therebetween, pawls in the handle adapted for alternateengagement with the annular toothed member whereby the head may berotated upon oscillating the handle, means for retaining the pawls outof engagement with the toothed member, and relatively movable jaws forthe head.

2. A ratchet wrench including a tubular member slotted at diametricallyopposite points longitudinally, slotted lugs formed integrally with theslotted end of the member, relatively movable jaws having Shanks whichpass through the slotted lugs, and through the slots of the tubularmember in a direction at an angle tothe longitudinal axis of the member,means for pivotally mounting the inner ends of the shank within thetubular member, a ring movable longitudinally upon the tubular memberand engaging the angularly directed portions of the shank to move thejaws relatively, and a coil spring engaging the shanks to urge themapart.

In testimony whereof I a'liix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VILLIAM C. VILLER.

Witnesses:

ANDREW M. DoDDs, R. M. MAoLnoD.

Copies et this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

